Reference: Yeh, K.C. (2015), “Study on Watershed’s Sediment Resources Management.” Ministry of Science and Technology, Research Report.

Illustration：

1. Turbulent flow around the piers can cause scour holes, and lead to bridge failures and losses of life. Numerical models can help supervisors to realize the local scour phenomenon and take necessary counter-measures.
2. The flow field is characterized by vortex, dynamic pressures, and velocity.
3. Simulating this local scour phenomenon requires 3-D turbulence model,which is calibrated and validated with the field data.